Throughout the latter half of the 20th century, the rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union created enormous tensions around the world which manifested in various armed proxy regional conflicts and the omnipresent danger of nuclear proliferation. dollars) to rebuild the economies of post-war nations-launched " Pax Americana". The Marshall Plan-which spent $13 billion ($110 billion in 2020 U.S. The repercussions of the World Wars, Cold War, and globalization crafted a world where people are more united than any previous time in human history, as exemplified by the establishment of international law, international aid, and the United Nations. Great advances in power generation, communication, and medical technology allowed for near-instantaneous worldwide computer communication and genetic modification of life. Automobiles, airplanes and the use of home appliances became common, as did video and audio recording. Man-made global warming increased the risk of extreme weather conditions.Īdditional themes include intergovernmental organizations and cultural homogenization through developments in emerging transportation and communications technology poverty reduction and world population growth, awareness of environmental degradation, ecological extinction and the birth of the Digital Revolution. Global population, sea level rise, and ecological collapses increased while competition for land and dwindling resources accelerated deforestation, water depletion, and the mass extinction of many of the world's species and decline in the population of others. The 20th century saw a massive transformation of humanity's relationship with the natural world. These reshaped the political and social structure of the globe. The 20th century was dominated by significant events that defined the modern era: Spanish flu pandemic, World War I and World War II, nuclear weapons, nuclear power and space exploration, nationalism and decolonization, technological advances, and the Cold War and post-Cold War conflicts. The second half of the 20th century saw humanity's first space exploration. The photograph was taken by LMP Harrison Schmitt. The Blue Marble, Earth as seen from Apollo 17 in December 1972.
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